Abstract
Keywords
Classification of Rural Settlements by Emphasis on Components of Social Capital (Case Study: Tyrjrd District)
H. A. Faraji Sabokbar
Asisstant Prof. of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
H. Rezaei[1]
Ph.D. Student in Geography and Rural Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
A. Gholami
Ph.D. Student in Geography and Rural Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
In addition to physical, marterial, human capital; we are dealing with the subject of social capital that is in the mutual interaction with a variety investments. By considering the concept of social capital and its measurement, planning authorities and community affairs should make more effective decisions for planning this section by rethinking. Thus with regard to the importance of this issue, this study has attempted to classify 12 villages in Tyrjd district by emphasizing on social capital indicator. Data are collected via field methods for this analytical-descriptive study. The statistical community of this research includes 1676 residing households in the villages of this district that a sample of 230 was selected by stratified sampling method. The pilot test, Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.77 was obtained, showed the suitability of the research tools. In this study, the weighting parameters such as the Delphi technique and Prometea techniques have been used for classifying rural settlements. The results showed that by attention to 33 selected indexes for social capital; Azizabadi villages, Ahmadabad and Firouz Abad have the shortest distance to positive input flows and the farthest distance to negative output flows for components of social capital in the study area.
Keywords: Social capital, Rural development, Classification, Prometea, Delphi, Tyrjr.
25. Albadavi, A., Chaharsooghi, S.K., & Esfahanipour, A. (2007): Decision making in stock trading: An application of PROMETHEE. European Journal of Operational Research, 177, 673–683, 2007.
26. Alik, J & Realo, A. (2004): "Individualism-Collectivism and Social Capital", Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 35, No. 1.
27. Brans JP, Vincke Ph, Mareschal B. (1986): «How to select and how to rank projects: The PROMETHEE method», European Journal of Operational Research, 24,228–238.
28. Coleman, J. (1988): “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital”, American Journal of Sociology, 94 (Supplement), Pp: S95- S120.
29. Coleman, J. (1990): Equality and Achievement in Education (1990); sanfrancisco: Westview Press.
30. Fox, J. & Gershman (2000): The World Bank and social capital: Lessons from ten rural development projects in the Philippines, policy sciences, 33, 199-419.
31. Hung HL, Altschuld JW, Lee YF. (2008), Methodological and conceptual issues confronting a cross-country Delphi study of educational program evaluation. Evaluation and Program Planning.
32. Lee. Lock.L (2005): knowledge management tool and techniques, ehsevier butterworth.
33. Lin, N. (2001): Social capital: A theory of social structure and action, New York: Cambbridge University press.
34. Lyberaki, A. Paraskevopoulos, C. (2002): Social CAPITAL MEASUREMENT IN GREECE –Athens; OECD-ONS International Conference on Social Capital–Measurement, London: OECD publication.
35. Macharis, C., Springael, J., Brucker, K.D., & Verbeke, A. (2007): PROMETHEE and AHP: The design of operational synergies in multicriteria analysis, Strengthening PROMETHEE with ideas of AHP. European Journal of Operational Research, 153, 307–317.
36. National statistics. (2003): Young people and Social Capital; National statistics publication http://www.ons.gov.uk/about-statistics/user-guidance/scguide/ the-social-capital-project/young-people-and-social-capital---phase-1.pdf.
37. Onyx, J., & Bullen, P. (2000): Sources of social capital; Social Capital and Public Policy in Australia: 105-134.
38. Putnam, R. (1993): The Prosperous Community: Social capital and public life; The American Prospect: 11-18.
39. Safari, H., Fagheyi, M.S., Ahangari, S.S., & Fathi, M.R. (2012): Applying PROMETHEE Method based on Entropy Weight for Supplier Selection. Business management and strategy, 3(1), 97-106.
40. Southard PB, Kumar S, Southard CA. (2007): A Modified Delphi Methodology to Conduct a Failure Modes Effects Analysis: A Patient-Centric Effort in a Clinical Medical Laboratory. Q Manage Health Care.
41. Stone, Wendy (2001): Measuring social capital towards a theoretically informed measurement framework for researching social capital in family and community life; Melborn: Australian Institute of Family Studies.
42. Walters, W. (2002): "Social Capital and Political Sociology: Re-imaging Politics?" Sociology, Vol.36, No.377.
43. World Bank (1998): The Inititative of Defining, Monitoring and Measuring Social Capital: Overview and program description; Social Capital Initiative Working Paper No. 1, Washington D.C.
44. World Bank (2004): Measuring Social Capital-An Integrated Questionnaire; Washington D.C: World Bank publication.
)