The Identification of Environmental Challenges at Rural Settlements and Evaluating the Performance of Institutions in Managing Them (case Study: Central District of Ravansar County)
1
Assistant Professor, Jiroft University, Kerman, Iran
2
Associated Professor of Geography, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Abstract
The aim of the present study is quantitative and functional, that is done Using descriptive and analytical and causal, the identification of the most important environmental challenges and Evaluation of satisfaction of villagers from The performance of institutions in management challenges and also Serving The effect of institutions On the environmental challenges in rural communities. this study It has been done as a case study Among rural households Located in the central District of the Rawansar Township (N= 4633), that includes the 119 rural points. Due to the high number of rural households, Lack of access to all heads of households and Financial and time constraints, the researchers were unable to interview and questionnaire to all households and with Using Cochran formula (d= 0.5, p &q = 0.5), 355 persons of households Estimated as the statistical sample. Shows The results of exploratory factor analysis, the most important environmental challenges identified (Degradation of pastures and forests (19 percent), Pressure on water and soil resources (16.88 percent), Wildlife Threat (14.91 percent), Waste and waste (11.17 percent) and air pollution (11.1 percent)), they could Explain About 73% of the variance of the dependent variable of the research. Based on findings from the frequency distribution table (About 78.3 percent of villagers have a very weak and poor satisfaction) and One-sample t test (With 2.312 average)), Can be acknowledged That Have had a poor evaluation The villagers are from the function of trusted institutions in managing environmental challenges. Shows Results of the effects of trustee institutions on Environmental Challenges in rural settlements that Located in the central district Rawansar Township, the impact of these institutions on air pollution No significant and their effects on The other environmental challenge has been identified (Pressure on water and soil resources, degradation of pastures and forests, waste and waste and wildlife threats) Has been negative and meaningful. Meanwhile the most The negative effect of custodial authorities have been on Two Challenges, Pressure on water and soil resources and Destruction of pastures and forests, Respectively with -0.544 and -0.428 Total effects.
Akbarirad, T. (2013): The Role of Islamic Teaching on Reduction of Environmental Crises, Journal of Environmental Studies, 39 (1), pp: 73-80. [in Persian]
Alini, M. (2006): Study of historical background and Structural challenges of rural management in Iran, Administrative Transformation Journal, 10 (50), pp: 68-106. [in Persian]
Amini, A and Jamini, D. (2014): An Analysis of the Rural Community Evaluation of Village Administrations' performance Using Structural Equation Modeling, Geographical Research, 29 (113), pp: 169-177. ([in Persian]
Amozgar, Y. (2012): Evaluation of the Performance of New Rural Management in Rural Development (Case Study: Qir and Karzin Township), MA Thesis, Supervisor: Seyd Eskandar Sidaii, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan. [in Persian]
Anand, S.V. (2013): Global Environmental Issues, Open Access Scientific Reports, 2 (2), pp: 1-9.
Azmi, A and Motiee Langroudi, H. (2011): Review on Rural Environmental Problems in Iran and Solutions in Resolving These Problems, Housing and Rural Environment, 133, pp: 101-115. [in Persian]
Bouchani, M and Fazeli, D. (2011): Environment Challenges and its Consequences Case Study: Dust and its Impact in the West of Iran, Journal of Policy Letter, 2 (3), pp: 125-146. [in Persian]
Brandon, P.S and Lombardi, P. (2005): EVALUATING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT, by Blackwell Science Ltd.
Breidlid, A. (2009): Culture, Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Sustainable Development: A Critical View of Education in an African Context, International Journal of Educational Development 29(2), pp:140-148.
Castagnetti, F. (2012): Facing Up the Congestion and Environmental Challenges of Europe, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 48, pp: 12– 20.
Chokor, B.A. (2004): Perception and response to the challenge of poverty and Environmental resource degradation in rural Nigeria: Case study from the Niger Delta, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24, pp: 305–318.
Fely, S. Seddighi, H. Pezeshkirad, G and Mirzaii, A. (2011): Challenges Facing Iranian Rural Communities to Achieve Sustainable Development, Journal of Village and Development, 13 (4), pp: 97-128. [in Persian]
Firoznia, G and Roknodin Eftekhari, A. (2003): The position of village in the national development process from the point of view of the experts, Publications of the Institute of Rural Development in Iran, Tehran. [in Persian]
Ghasemi, V. (2011): Structural equation modeling with Amos Graphics application, Sociologists Publications, Tehran. [in Persian]
Golshiri Esfahani, Z and Saraei M.H. (2011): Strategic Planning for Rural Environmental System Using SOWT Analysis (Case Study: Gandoman District, Boroojen Township), Journal of Rural Research, 1 (4), pp: 73-98. [in Persian]
Hajinejad, A. Paidar, A and Bayad, H. (2015): Analysis of Income Sources of Rural Municipalities (Dehyari) Using Participatory Evaluation Approach (Case Study: Narjouiyeh Village in Jiroft County), Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 4 (10), pp: 157-171. [in Persian]
Kastensson, A. (2014): Developing lightweight concepts in the automotive industry: taking on the environmental challenge with the SåNätt project, Journal of Cleaner Production 66, pp: 337-346.
Lai, J.U and Lin, C.T. (2008): What factors drive corporate customer satisfaction with e-banking services. PACIS 2008 Proceedings.
Mak, M and Peacock, J. (2011): Social Sustainability: A Comparison of Case Studies in UK, USA and Australia. Poster presented at the 17th Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Gold Coast.
Masnavi, M. R. (2013): Environmental Sustainability and Ecological Complexity: Developing an Integrated Approach to Analyse the Environment and Landscape Potentials to Promote Sustainable Development, Int. J. Environ. Res, 7 (4), pp: 995-1006.
Mirtorabi, M.S. Shafiee, F and Rezvanfar, A. (2013): Applying information resources and communication channels in adoption process of rural waste comprehensive management, Journal of Natural Environment, 66 (3), pp: 329-339. [in Persian]
Mossalanejad, A. (2013): Environmental Security and Global Violence, Int. J. Environ. Res, 7 (2), pp: 473-478.
Motamediniya, Z. Mehdizade, H and Popzan, A. (2013): Behavioral Attitude of Agricultural Enterprises to Environmental Pollution (Case Study: Kermanshah, Eslam Abad Gharb, Ilam, Ivan Gharb), Journal of rural Research, 4 (2), pp: 429-450. [in Persian]
Navabakhsh, M and Tavakolan, A. (2013): Strategic Planning to Organize the Urban Historic Fabric Emphasizing on the Environmental Concerns, Int. J. Environ. Res, 7 (3), pp: 523-532.
Rashidpour, L. Farajallah, H. Seyed, J and Mirdamadi S.M. (2011): Local Community Based Management as a Good Governance Approach to Rural Poverty Reduction and Sustainable Development in Iran, American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci, 10, pp: 174-179.
Rokneddin Eftekhari, A. Sojasi Ghidari, H and Einali, J. (2008): New Attitude towards Rural Management with an Emphasis on Effective Institutions, Journal of Village and Development, 10 (2), pp: 1-31. [in Persian]
Rostami, S. Mozafari, F. Rahimi Moghadam, J and Zolfaghari, A. (2015): Evaluating the function of rural governors (Dehyars) in rural development (Case study: Aivan Gharb, Illam), Housing and Rural Environment, 149, pp: 103-119. [in Persian]
Seidaii, S. jamini, D. jamshidi, A and jamshidi, M. (2015): Analysis of the Performance of Rural New Managers (RNM) Towards Sustainable Rural Development (Case Study: Uramanat Region, Kermanshah Province), spatial planing, 14, pp: 1-24. [in Persian]
Shadman, F. (2012): Environmental challenges in nanoelectronics manufacturing, Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 1 (3), pp:258–268.
Shamsoddini, A and Jamini, D. (2016): Performance Valuation of Responsible Institutions in the Development of Rural Settlements by Using the Structural Equation Modeling Approach Case study: Javanrood Township, Geography and Development Iranian Journal, 43, pp: 35-50. [in Persian]
Taleb, M. (1997): Rural manegment in Iaran, University of Teheran Publication, Tehran. [in Persian]
Tanguay, G.A. Rajaonson, J. Lefebvre, J.F and Lanoie, P. (2010): Measuring the sustainability of cities: An analysis of the use of local indicators, Journal of Ecological Indicators, 10, pp: 407-418.
Vouvaki, D and Xepapadeas, A. (2008): Changes in social welfare and ustainability: Theoretical issues and empirical evidence, Ecological Economics, 67, pp: 473-484.
dehghani, A., mousavi, M., & Jomeini, D. (2019). The Identification of Environmental Challenges at Rural Settlements and Evaluating the Performance of Institutions in Managing Them (case Study: Central District of Ravansar County). Regional Planning, 8(32), 51-68.
MLA
Amin dehghani; Mirnajaf mousavi; Davood Jomeini. "The Identification of Environmental Challenges at Rural Settlements and Evaluating the Performance of Institutions in Managing Them (case Study: Central District of Ravansar County)". Regional Planning, 8, 32, 2019, 51-68.
HARVARD
dehghani, A., mousavi, M., Jomeini, D. (2019). 'The Identification of Environmental Challenges at Rural Settlements and Evaluating the Performance of Institutions in Managing Them (case Study: Central District of Ravansar County)', Regional Planning, 8(32), pp. 51-68.
VANCOUVER
dehghani, A., mousavi, M., Jomeini, D. The Identification of Environmental Challenges at Rural Settlements and Evaluating the Performance of Institutions in Managing Them (case Study: Central District of Ravansar County). Regional Planning, 2019; 8(32): 51-68.
)
