تحلیل ناپایداری سکونتگاههای انسانی در پهنه سرزمین با تأکید بر مدیریت ریسک خطر زلزله (مورد پژوهشی: شهرستان گچساران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• حسن نوروزی ¹
• سلیمان محمدی دوست ²
• حسین حسینی خواه ³
• علی صادقی ⁴

¹ دکترای علوم اقتصادی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران

² دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران،ایران

³ دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

⁴ استادیار گروه علوم انسانی و اجتماعی دانشگاه فرهنگیان تهران، تهران، ایران

10.30495/jzpm.2022.22923.3461

چکیده

سکونتگاه‌های شهری و روستایی شهرستان گچساران به علت قرارگیری بر روی کمربند گسل فعال و غیرفعال و همچنین برخورداری از نقاط لرزه‌خیز، باعث شده است که یکی از مناطق مهم خطر وقوع زمین‌لرزه استان به حساب آیند. از این رو هدف از پژوهش حاضر، پهنه‌بندی و ارزیابی میزان آسیب‌پذیری سکونتگاه‌های شهری و روستایی شهرستان گچساران در برابر خطر وقوع زمین‌لرزه می‌باشد. بر اساس مجموع مطالعات صورت گرفته، شهرستان گچساران دارای نقاط لرزه‌خیزی بسیاری است که بیشتر در بخش شمال غربی متمرکز و دارای 69 کیلومتر گسل فعال می‌باشد که از نوع گسل فعال تراستی و رورانده می‌باشد. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که از مساحت 3036 کیلومترمربع شهرستان گچساران، 07/812 کیلومترمربع، دارای خطر لرزه‌خیزی بسیار بالا، 15/815 کیلومترمربع از شهرستان گچساران دارای خطر لرزه‌خیزی بالا، 97/780 کیلومترمربع دارای خطر لرزه‌خیزی متوسط، 78/441 کیلومترمربع معادل 55/14 درصد از کل شهرستان دارای خطر لرزه‌خیزی کم و همچنین 11/186 کیلومتر از کل شهرستان بدون خطر زلزله است. همچنین شهر دوگنبدان ازنظر وقوع زلزله در پهنه خطر بسیار بالا قرار دارد که می‌تواند خطرآفرین و مشکل‌زا باشد. همچنین تحلیل فضایی خطر زلزله در سکونتگاه‌های روستایی نیز نشان می‌دهد که 29/42 درصد از روستاهای شهرستان، در نواحی با خطر بسیار بالای زلزله، 17/28 درصد در پهنه با خطر متوسط زیاد، 36/2 درصد در پهنه بدون خطر و 45/9 درصد در پهنه با خطر پایین زلزله قرار دارند. همچنین ارزیابی راهبردی عوامل داخلی و خارجی نشان می‌دهد که مجموع نقاط ضعف با وزن 491/0 دارای بیشترین امتیاز و استراتژی پیشنهادی حاصل از تکنیک S-HP، راهبرد تدافعی WT با وزن 912/0 می‌باشد. درنهایت برای کاهش خسارت جانی و مالی، استراتژی‌ها و راهبردهای مدیریت بحران در شهرستان گچساران به چهار راهبرد تهاجمی، تنوع، بازنگری و تدافعی تقسیم شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• زلزله
• آسیب پذیری
• مدیریت بحران
• مراکز جمعیتی
• شهرستان گچساران

20.1001.1.22516735.1400.11.43.6.3

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Instability of Human Settlements in Land Area with Emphasis on Earthquake Risk Management (Case study: Gachsaran County)

نویسندگان [English]

• Hassan Nowroozi ¹
• soleiman mohamadi ²
• Hossein Hosseinikhah ³
• Ali Sadghi ⁴

¹ Doctor of Economics, Razi University of Kermanshah, Kermanshah, Iran

² Doctor of Geography and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

³ PhD Student in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

⁴ Assistant Professor of Humanities and Social Sciences at Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Gachsaran urban and rural settlements Due Put on Active and passive fault belt and also Having Seismic points, Has caused One of the most important areas of risk for earthquakes in the province. The aim of the present study, Gachsaran city zoning and Vulnerability Assessment is the danger of earthquakes. Based on studies,Gachsaran city has many points of seismicity is concentrated in the northwest and With 69 km fault is active That kind of thrust and thrust fault is active.The aim of the present study, Gachsaran city zoning and Vulnerability Assessment is the danger of earthquakes. Based on studies,Gachsaran city has many points of seismicity is concentrated in the northwest and Has 69 active fault That kind of thrust and thrust fault is active. The results show An area of 3036 square kilometers of the city of Gachsaran, 07/812 km, It has a very high seismic risk, 15/815 square kilometers of the city of Gachsaran a risk of high seismicity, 97/780 square kilometers of seismic risk average, 78/441 square kilometers, equivalent to 55/14 percent The whole city has a low seismic risk Also 11/186 km of the city without the risk of earthquakes. Also Dogonbadan of earthquake risk zone is very high which can be dangerous and problematic. The spatial analysis of earthquake In rural and village settlements Shows that 29/42% of the villages and towns of the city, in areas with very high risk of earthquake, 17/28% in the high risk zone average, 36/2 percent and 45/9 percent in areas without risk of hazard earthquakes are low The strategic evaluation of internal and external factors show that a total of weaknesses 491/0 rated weight and the proposed strategy of the techniques S-HP, WT defensive strategy is 912/0 by weight.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• earthquake
• Vulnerability
• crisis management
• center settlements
• township of Gachsaran

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