تحلیل اثرات مواد آلاینده با منشاء انسانی بر کیفیت آب رودخانه کارون (حدفاصل سد گتوند تا اهواز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله های برگرفته از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 استاد گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران

3 استادیار گروه جغرافیای طبیعی دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم تحقیقات تهران

چکیده

      رودخانه‌کارون بزرگ‌ترین و پرآب‌ترین رودخانه کشور است که به علت وجود مراکز متعدد صنعتی، کشاورزی و شهرهای بزرگ در حاشیه آن، موقعیتی استراتژیک در کشور داشته و پایش بهینه کیفیت آن یک ضرورت ملی می­باشد. هدف اصلی این تحقیق بررسی نقش عوامل انسانی بر کیفیت آب رودخانه کارون در بازه سد گتوند تا انتهای محدوده شهرستان اهواز می­باشد. بدین منظور با نمونه گیری و انجام آزمایشات لازم از آب رودخانه کارون در چهار ایستگاه پایین دست سد گتوند در بازه زمانی 1385 تا 1395، و در نظر گرفتن موقعیت منابع آلاینده ، داده های کیفی به دست آمد. سپس با استفاده از نرم افزار­های اکسل و Chemistry شاخص­های کیفیت آب در قالب اشکال و نمودارها مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته و با استفاده از نرم افزارهای ARC GIS10.2 و Expert choice11 نقش عوامل مؤثر در کیفیت آب رودخانه کارون تحلیل فضایی گردید و در نهایت مکان‌های آسیب پذیر بر اساس مدل FuzzyAHP مورد شناسایی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که علت نامطلوب شدن آب رودخانه کارون از محل تقاطع رودخانه گرگر و شطیط به بعد، روستاهای اطراف و پساب کارخانه­ها و صنایع نزدیک رودخانه، کشاورزی و اتصال رودخانه دز می باشد، که فاضلاب شهرهای اطراف و به ویژه آب برگشتی از واحدهای کشت و صنعت نیشکر، به آن وارد می­شود. همچنین بر اساس پهنه بندی انجام شده مشخص گردید که، 42/3863 کیلومتر مربع از محدوده مورد مطالعه از نظر آسیب پذیری نسبت به آلاینده ها، بسیار آسیب پذیر، و 34/2647 کیلومتر مربع خیلی کم در معرض آسیب پذیری مواد آلاینده قرار دارند و میزان اثر عوامل مختلف بر کیفیت آب رودخانه کارون در محل تلاقی رودخانه دز، گرگر و شطیط به سمت پایین دست تا اهواز بسیار زیاد است که نیاز به توجه ویژه برنامه ­ریزان امر دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the effects Pollutants at the source of (Between Gotvand dam to Ahwaz)

نویسندگان [English]

  • akbar hashemifard 1
  • parviz kardavani 2
  • farideh asadian 3
1 Natural Geography PhD student Azad University Science and Research Branch of Tehran
2 Professor Department of Natural Geography Azad University of Science and Research Branch of Tehran
3 Assistant Professor of Natural Geography Azad University of Science and Research Branch of Tehran.
چکیده [English]

The Karun River is the largest and longest river in the country, due to the presence of multiple centers of industrial, agricultural and other major cities on the periphery, strategic location in the country and improve its quality monitoring is the national imperative. The main objective of this study is to investigate the role of anthropogenic factors on the quality of the Karoon River between the gotvand of dam to the bottom of the range of city Ahvaz. For this purpose, the sampling and testing for Karun river water downstream of the Gotvand at four stations in the period 1385 to 1395, and taking into account the location of emissions sources, obtained is qualitative data. , and then by using the Excel and Chemistry software, water quality indicators With figures and charts were reviewed and analyzed.Then by ARC GIS10.2 and Expert choice11 software is spatial analyzed the role of effective factors in the Karun River water quality and finally according to the model of FuzzAHP were assessed vulnerable areas. The results showed that, due to unfavorable Karun River, from the Junction GARGAR, And SHOTEYT to the next, surrounding villages and factories and industrial waste near the river, agricultural and Dez of river, that Sewage water the surrounding towns, especially the return of water the sugarcane of Agro-industrial units. The zoning also found that, 3863/42 square kilometers of area in terms of vulnerability to pollutants, very vulnerable, and 2647/34 square kilometers pollutants are much less vulnerable And the effects of various factors on water quality Karun River at the Junction of Dez River, GARGAR and SHOTEYT to downstream Ahwaz is very much, The need to pay special attention to the planners.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Quality
  • Karun River
  • FuzzyAHP
  • Gotvand dam
  • Ahwaz

مراجع

  1. Aghanabati, s.a, (2005), Geology of Iran, published by Geological Survey of Iran, (In Persian).
  2. Alberto, W.D., D.M. Del Pilar, A.M. Valeria, P.S. Fabiana, H.A. Cecilia and B.M. de los A′ ngeles. 2000. Pattern recognition techniques for the evaluation of spatial and temporal variations in water quality. A case study: Suqui′a river basin (Co′ rdoba- Argentina). Water Research. 35: 2881-2894.
  3. Arain, M. B. Ullahb, I. Niazb, A., Shaha, N., Shahb, F., Hussaina, Z., Tariqc, M., Afridid, H. I., Baigd, J., A. and Kazid, T. G., 2015. Evaluation of water quality parameters in drinking water of district Bannu, Pakistan: Multivariate study. Sustainability of Water Quality and Ecology. Volume null, Issue null, Page null.
  4. Bhardwaj, V., D. S. Singh. and A. K. Singh. 2010. Water quality of the Chhoti Gandak River using principal component analysis, Ganga Plain, India. Hydrogeochemical, 119: 117–127.
  5. Birsan, Marius-Victor, Molnar, Peter, Burlando, Paolo and Pfaundler, Martin (2005). Streamflow trends in Switzerland. Journal of Hydrology 314.
  6. Chang, D., 1996, Applications of the Extent Analysis Method on Fuzzy AHP, European Journal of Operational Research, No. 95, PP. 649-655.
  7. Chang, H. (2008) Spatial Analysis of Water Quality Trend in the Han River Basin, South Korea. Water Resource, 42(10), 2385- 3304.
  8. Consulting Engineers Mahab (Spring 2014), Journal Mahab (news - learning), new era, No. 65, Special Issue, (In Persian).
  9. Frydgygl, B., Najafinejad, Ali, Moghani Bilesavar, V and Moradi, A., (2012) "The water quality of the river in Golestan Province zarringol", Journal of soil and water conservation, Volume 20, Issue I, pp. 95 -77, (In Persian).
  10. Ghazalseflu,m. dinpazhooh, y, ghorbani, m a, fakherifard, a,(2011)"The trend analysis flow rivers of East Azerbaijan province", Journal of Irrigation Engineering, Volume 35, Issue 1, Pages 81-71, (In Persian).
  11. Goljan, F, karbasi, A., Hajizadeh Zaker, N, NABI BIDHENDI, G., (1998) "Determination of river water quality class city of noor", Journal of Water Science, First Year, First Issue, 48-35, (In Persian).
  12. Hajian nejad, m. rahsepar, a. (2010), "The Effect of runoff and wastewater on water quality parameters of river zayandehrud", Journal of Preventive Medicine, Volume 6, Issue Supplement, pp828-821, (In Persian).
  13. imeonov, V., J.A. Stratis, C. Samara, G. Zachariadis, D. Voutsa, A. Anthemidis, M. Sofoniou and Th. Kouimtzis. 2003. Assessment of the surface water quality in Northern Greece, Water Research. 37: 4119-4124.
  14. James, G. A. and Wynd, J. G., 1965. “Stratigraphic nomenclature of Iranian Oil Concertium Agreement Area”, AAPG. Vol. 49, No. 12, pp. 1282-2245.
  15. Karamouz, M., Baghvand, A., Khajehzadeh Nokhandan, A., and Kerachian, R. (2006). “Design of river water quality monitoring networks using an entropy based approach: A case study.” Proc. of the 2006 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Nebraska, USA.
  16. Karamuz, M.krachyan, R. Zahraei, b, Jafarzadeh .h, N., (Spring 2004), "The plan to develop comprehensive plans to reduce water pollution in river systems Case study: river system Karun - Dez", Journal of Research in Water Resources of Iran: Spring 1384, Vol. 1, No. 1; from page 12 to page 28, (In Persian).
  17. Keramati,H. mahvi,A. abdolnejan,l, (1997), "The physical and chemical quality of Gonabad drinking water in 1997", Journal of Knowledge Horizon, Zahedan Medical Sciences University, pp. 88-99, Volume 13, Issue 3, (In Persian).
  18. Khosnazar, A. nasrabadi, T.pooyan abbasi, M, (2011) "Assess the efficiency of artificial neural network to predict the electrical conductivity Zarine-Roud River", Journal of humans and the environment Volume 10, Issue 3 (22-row 33), pp. 1-16, (In Persian).
  19. Meftah helghi, m. "Water quality zoning using various measures of quality", Journal of soil and water conservation, Volume 18, Issue 2, Pages 211-220.
  20. Moghimi, E., (2011) Ecogeomorpholojy and rights river, Tehran University Press, first edition, (In Persian).
  21. motii, H, (1992) Geology of the Zagros Iran Stratigraphy, published by the Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, First Edition, (In Persian).
  22. Ouyang Y. Evaluation of river water quality monitoring stations by principal component analysis. Water Res    2005; 39(12): 2621-35.
  23. Rahimi, A (2003), "Water quality monitoring networks", Journal of Water and Environment, No. 51, pp. 30-51, (In Persian).
  24. Rasuli A, Noori R, Vesali-Naseh MR, Nazariha M, Kiaghadi A. Determination of the Relationship Between Physical and Chemical Pollutant Parameters in the Sefidrood River Basin Based on Canonical Correlation Analysis. Proceedings of 4th Iran Water Resources Management Conference; 2011 May 23- 24; Tehran, Iran; 2011.
  25. Sahney, S., Benton, M.J. and Ferry, P.A. (2010). "Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land" (PDF). Biology Letters. 6 (4): 544–547. Doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024. PMC 2936204.PMID 20106856.
  26. Singh KP, Malik A, Mohan D, Sinha S. Multivariate statistical techniques for the evaluation of spatial and temporal variations in water quality of Gomti River (India)-a case study. Water Res 2004; 38(18): 3980-92.
  27. Svensson, Cecilia, Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W. and Maurer, Thomas (2005). Trend detection in river flow series: 2. Flood and low-flow index series. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 50 (5).
  28. Vahabzadeh, A, (2005), ecology, SID, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, (In Persian).
  29. Zarghami, M., Abdi, A., Babaeian, I., Hasanzadeh, Y., and Kanani, R. 2011. Impacts of climate change on runoffs in east Azerbaijan, Iran, Global and Planetary Change, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 30 June 2011.
  30. Zehtabian, GH, Rafii, E, alavipanah, a. (2002), "The Water Quality of Rivers in Varamin", Journal of the desert, No. 3, pp. 14 -31, (In Persian).

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 اردیبهشت 1397

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار