ارزیابی وضعیت و نحوه‌ی توسعه فضای سبز شهری شیراز در راستای توسعه پایدار با استفاده از رویکرد استانداردمبنا

نوع مقاله : مقاله های برگرفته از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

       فضاهای سبز شهری با ارائه طیف گسترده­ای­ از انواع عملکردها نقش مؤثری را در ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی شهری و دستیابی به توسعه پایدار شهری ایفا می­نمایند. از این­رو، ارزیابی فضاهای سبز از جمله مهم­ترین فرایندهای توسعه شهری جهت برنامه­ریزی عدالت محور می­باشد. ارزیابی وجوه کمی فضاهای سبز شهری از طریق رویکردهای مرسوم ارزیابی، نظیر رویکرد استاندارد مبنا، قابل انجام می­باشد. در این راستا پژوهش حاضر وضعیت و پراکنش فضای سبز عمومی (پارک­ها) شهر شیراز در زمان حاضر و تغییرات آن در یک دهه اخیر را بر اساس رویکرد استاندارد مبنا و مبتنی بر اصول توسعه پایدار ارزیابی می­کند. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و بر حسب روش­شناسی، توصیفی- تحلیلی می­باشد. داده­های تحقیق از طریق مطالعه اسنادی و برداشت میدانی گردآوری و در محیط­های GIS و SPSS اندازه­گیری و تحلیل گردیده­اند. نتایج تحقیق نشان می­دهد که بطور کلی به دلیل توزیع فضایی نامناسب پارک­ها در سطح شهر شیراز، ساکنان همه مناطق باید به طور میانگین فاصله­ای (600-1200متر) بیش از فاصله استاندارد لازم برای برای پارک­های همسایگی و محله­ای (400متر) را جهت دسترسی به نزدیک­ترین پارک محل سکونت خود بپیمایند. در این میان میزان شاخص دسترسی برای پارک­های ناحیه­ای و منطقه­ای به تفکیک نشان دهنده وضعیت مکانی مطلوب پارک­های ناحیه­ای و در مقابل ضعف دسترسی به پارک­های منطقه­ای می­باشد. در خصوص شاخص سرانه، با فرض نادیده انگاشتن عدم هماهنگی سرانه پارک­ها با جعیت و تراکم آن در مناطق 3، 5، 6، 7، 8 و 9، میان سرانه سایر مناطق با سرانه مطلوب طرح جامع تفاوت محسوسی دیده نمی­شود. نتایج یافته­ها همچنین نشان می­دهد که پراکنش مجموع پارک­ها در شهر شیراز خوشه­ای بوده و تمرکز به سمت مناطق نسبتا برخوردار سوق پیدا کرده است. علاوه بر برخی ناهماهنگی­ها در وضعیت موجود، توسعه فضاهای سبز عمومی در یک دهه اخیر (1393-1380) هرچند به میزان اندک در راستای بهبود شاخص­های دسترسی و سرانه و در نتیجه دستیابی به اصول عدالت فضایی بوده، ولی نقش چندان مطلوبی را در تحقق اهداف توسعه پایدار ایفا ننموده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Evaluation of the Urban Public Green Space evelopment Status and Development toward a Sustainable Development Using a Standard-Based Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • A Pakfetrat 1
  • M Taghvaei 2
  • A Zarrabi 2
چکیده [English]

        Urban green spaces offer a wide range of functions which enhance the qualities of urban life and contribute to the sustainable development. Therefore, green space assessment is amongst the most important of all development processes for more democratic planning of green spaces. The evaluation of quantitative dimensions of green spaces can be addressed through conventional evaluation approaches, like the standard-based evaluation. Therefore, using the standard-based approach and multi criteria of sustainable development, this research evaluated the current status and distribution and the changes of public green spaces in Shiraz metropolitan area. The present study is an applied research project in terms of its objectives and has used a descriptive, analytic method. The data required for the present research has been collected through documentary study and has been measured and analyzed using GIS and SPSS software programs. The results indicated that due to the lack of accurate site planning, and subsequently inappropriate distribution and spatial inequality, and undesirable accessibility, the residents of each region should travel an average distance (600-1200 m) more than the required standards of neighborhood and local parks (400 m). The results were also indicative of the weak accessibility of regional parks, but the desirable distribution of district parks. About the per capita, not considering the inconsistency between the park per capita and the population of regions 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9, the result did not specify a perceptible difference between the park per capita of other regions and the specified standard. Moreover, although the development of public green spaces during the last decade (2001-2011) attempted to accomplish maximum accessibility, spatial justice, efficiency, it did not play a desirable role toward the goals of sustainable development.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainable Development
  • standard-based approach
  • green space
  • Shiraz
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