توزیع فضایی شاخص های پایداری اجتماعی در سکونتگاه های روستایی غرب ایران (مطالعه موردی: منطقه اورامانات؛ استان کرمانشاه)

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

      پایداری اجتماعی یک از مهم­ترین ارکان توسعه پایدار است، که دستیابی به سطح قابل قبولی از آن، از مهم­ترین اهداف کلیه برنامه­ریزان و سیاست­گذاران توسعه روستایی محسوب می­شود. هدف از پژوهش کمی و کاربردی حاضر، که با روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی انجام گرفته است، بررسی وضعیت پایداری اجتماعی و شاخص­های آن و همچنین نمایش فضایی پایداری اجتماعی در سکونتگاه­های روستایی منطقه اورامانات، واقع در استان کرمانشاه، می­باشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش را کلیه سرپرستان خانوار روستایی ساکن در 21 دهستان و 431 روستای منطقه اورامانات تشکیل می­دهد. با توجه به محدودیت­های مالی، زمانی و ...، محققان قادر به بررسی نظرات کلیه سرپرستان خانوار نبوده و با استفاده از فرمول­های آماری، 395 نفر به ­عنوان نمونه آماری برآورد گردید. ابزار اصلی پژوهش جهت گردآوری داده­های مورد نیاز، که از طریق پرسشگری و مطالعه میدانی تهیه شد، پرسشنامه محقق­ساخته بود که روایی و پایایی آن با رعایت اصول علمی مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد وضعیت اکثر شاخص­های پایداری اجتماعی در محدوده مورد مطالعه در وضعیت قابل­قبولی قرار دارد و وضعیت کلی پایداری اجتماعی در سکونتگاه­های روستایی منطقه اورامانات با میانگین 176/3، بالاتر از حد متوسط می­باشد. همچنین نتایج نشان­دهنده وجود تفاوت بین دهستان­های منطقه اورامانات به لحاظ پایداری اجتماعی بود. نمایش فضایی وضعیت پایداری اجتماعی در منطقه نشان داد وضعیت پایداری اجتماعی در نیمه شرقی منطقه در مقایسه با نیمه غربی آن، در وضعیت مناسب­تری قرار دارد و عامل همجواری با مرز در تضعیف پایداری اجتماعی روستاییان همجوار با مرز در منطقه اورامانات تأثیرگذار بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial Distribution Social Sustainable Indicator in Rural Settlement in Western of Iran (Case Study: Avramanat Area, Kermanshah province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masood Safari 1
  • Davood Jomeyni 2
چکیده [English]

Social sustainability is one of the most important pillars of sustainable development that achieving an acceptable level of it, is considered of the most important goal of all rural development planners and policy makers. The aim of this applied descriptive-analytic study is to check the status of social stability and its indexes and also spatial representation of social stability in rural settlements in Avramanat region, which is located in Kermanshah province. The population under this study is included the all heads of rural households living in 21 villages and 431 district in Avramanat region. Due to the financial constraints and time, researchers have not been able to consider the opinion of all households and by using statistical formulas, the statistical sample was estimated 395 persons. The main research tools to collect the required data were questionnaire and interview. The validity and reliability of questionnaire were confirmed with scientific principles. The results show that the majority of social sustainability indicators in the study area is in an acceptable condition.
The overall social stability in rural settlements in Avramanat region is higher than the mean of 3.176. Also the results showed that there is a difference among the villages of in Avramanat region in terms of social sustainability. Spatial Distribution of social stability in Avramanat region shows that social stability in the eastern half of the region is better in comparison with its western half. Factor of the Proximity to the border has been effective in poor rural social stability in adjacent to the border in in Avramanat region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainable Development
  • Social Sustainability
  • Rural Development
  • Avramanat
  1. Boggia, A. Rocchi, L. Paolotti, L. Musotti, F and Greco, S (2014): Assessing Rural Sustainable Development potentialities using a Dominance-based Rough Set Approach, Journal of Environmental Management, 144, pp: 160 -167.
  2. Brandon, P.S. and Lombardi, P. (2005): Evaluating Sustainable Development in the Built Environment, by Blackwell Science Ltd.
  3. Fatahi, A. Bayat, N. Amiri, A. and Nemati, R. (2013): Assess and prioritize social sustainability in rural areas of Delfan Township by using the Vikor model (Case study: Rural districts in Khave Shomali), Journal of Regional Planning, vol 3 (11), PP: 65-78. (in Persian)
  4. Galani-Moutafi, V. (2013): Rural space (re)produced e Practices, performances and visions, A case study from an Aegean island. Journal of Rural Studies, 32 (4), 103-113.
  5. Gharakhlou M , Abdi, N. and Zanganeh Shahraki, S. (2009): Analysis of the Level of Urban Sustainability in Informal Settlements of Sanandaj, Human Geography Research Quarterly, Vol 69, pp: 1-16. (in Persian)
  6. Glasson, J. and Wood, G. (2009): Urban regeneration and impact assessment for social sustainability. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal. 11(4), 283.
  7. Hutchins, M.J. and J.W, Sutherland. (2008): An exploration of measures of social sustainability and their application to supply chain decisions, Journal of Cleaner Production, 16 (3), 1688–1698.
  8. Jamini, D. and Jamshidi, A. (2015): Analysis of the factors that explain the social stability in rural areas (case study: Chardavol Township), Geographical planning of Space Quarterly Journal, vol 13, pp: 147-165. (in Persian)
  9. Jomepoor, M. and Ebrahimi, A. (2016): The measurement and evaluation of the Components of social sustainability in Apartment complexes, Urban Sociological Studies, Vol 5 (16), pp: 1-30. (in Persian)
  10. Luo, X., Li, P. and Fu, X. (2011): Factors that Affect Social Stability of Rural Areas in Ganzi District, Asian Agricultural Research. 3 (6), 43-83.
  11. Mahmoodi, S. Rokneddin Eftekhari, A. and Pourtaheri, M. (2014): The Role of Rural Women’s Stress in Spatial Distribution of Rural Socio-economic Instability (Case Study: Maneh District, Mane and Samalghan County), Journal of Research and Rural Planning, vol 2 (4), pp: 287-310. (in Persian)
  12. Mak, M. and Peacock C. J. (2011): Social Sustainability: A Comparison of Case Studies in UK, USA and Australia. Poster presented at the 17th Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Gold Coast.
  13. Mota, B. Isabel Gomes, M. Carvalho, A. and Barbosa-Povoa, A.P. (2014): Towards supply chain sustainability: economic, environmental and social design and planning, Journal of Cleaner Production, Article in press.
  14. Osmann, I. and Spangenberg, J.H. (2002): Assessing Social Sustainability the Social Dimension of Sustainability in a Socio-Economic Scenario, Presented at the 7th Biennial Conference of the International Society for Ecological Economics “in Sousse (Tunisia), 6-9 March, pp: 1-20.
  15. Pope, J. (2004): Conceptualizing sustainability assessment, Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 24, PP. 595–616.
  16. Pourtaheri, M. Zal, A. and Rokneddin Eftekhari, A. (2012): An Evaluation and Prioritization of Social Sustainability in Rural Areas: A Case Study of Villages in Khorrambid County of Fars Province, Journal of Rural Development Studies, Vol 14, Issue 3, pp: 19-49. (in Persian)
  17. Rezvani, M.R. Motiee Langrody, S.H. Pourtahery, M. and Azizi, F. (2015): Immigration and Social Sustainable Development in Rural Areas (Case Study: Host Rural areas of Tehran Metropolitan area), Journal of Regional Planning, vol 5 (19), PP: 71-84. (in Persian)
  18. Salemi, M. Hamzeh'ee M. R. and Mirakzadeh, A.A. (2011): Social Sustainability of Rural Women Assessing Sonqor County, Quarterly Journal of Women’s Studies Sociological and Psychological, Vol 9, pp: 55-76. (in Persian)
  19. Shamsoddini, A. and Jamini, D. (2016): Performance Valuation of Responsible Institutions in the Development of Rural Settlements by Using the Structural Equation Modeling Approach Case study: Javanrood Township, Geography and Development Iranian Journal, Vol 14 (43), pp: 35-50. (in Persian)
  20. Shamsodini, A. Jamini, D. and Jamshidi, A. (2016): Measurement and Analyses of social stability in Rural Area (Case Study: Javanrood Township), Journal of Rural Research, Vol 7 (3), pp: 272- 288. (in Persian)
  21. Statistical Centre of Iran 2015, Available in: http://www.amar.org.ir. (in Persian)
  22. Tavakoli, J. (2014): Socio- economic sustainability assessment of rural settlements of north and south Khave rural districts, Lorestan province, Geographical Sciences Applied Research, vol 32, pp: 71-92. (in Persian)
  23. Teimouri, I. Farhudi, R. Rahnemaei, M.T and Gharakhlu, M. (2012): Evaluating Social Sustainability Using Fuzzy Logic (Case Study: Tehran), Geography, Vol 10, No 35, pp: 19-25. (in Persian)
  24. United Nations. (2009): The Millennium Development Goals Report 2009. New York: United Nations.
  25. Varesi, H.R. Babaei Aghdam, F. and Alizadeh, J. (2013): Measurement of social sustainability rate in rural districts using Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy TOPSIS techniques (Case study: Rural districts of Aslanduz rural districts in Ardebil province), Quarterly Journal of Human Geography, vol 5 (3), PP: 53-73.(in Persian)
  26. Woka Ihuah. P, Ibimina Kakulu, I and Eaton, D (2014): A review of Critical Project Management Success Factors (CPMSF) for sustainable social housing in Nigeria, International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, Article in press.