کاربست بازآفرینی شهری در ارتقای تاب آوری شهرهای ساحلی غرب استان مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله های برگرفته از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

• زینت رنجبر ¹
• پری شکری فیروزجاه ²
• غلامرضا جانباز قبادی ³

¹ دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، نور، ایران.

² استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

³ استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، نور، ایران.

10.30495/jzpm.2021.27967.3891

چکیده

رشد فزاینده‌ی جمعیت کشورمان ایران، در دهه‌های اخیر و افزایش میل به مهاجرت از روستا به شهر باعث رشد سریع و لجام گسیخته‌ی شهر‌ها گردیده است. لذا مناطق شهری به مکان اصلی بسیاری از بلایای احتمالی تبدیل خواهد شد. در عین حال، یکی از موضوع‌هایی که بیشتر شهر‌های جهان با آن دست به گریبانند، موضوع سوانع طبیعی است. حوادث طبیعی که جزیی از فرآیند زندگی بشر به شمار می‌رود، به عنوان چالشی اساسی درجهت نیل به توسعه پایدارجوامع انسانی مطرح می‌باشند. از طرفی اجرای ناموفق طرح‏های بازآفرینی شهری باعث توجه به پدیده جدیدی به نام پایداری در پروژه‏های شهری شده است که عمده‏ترین رویکردها در زمینه پایداری، احیای بافت‏های شهری و تأکید بر بازآفرینی است. در این راستا شهرهای ساحلی غرب استان مازندران به دلیل موقعیت جغرافیایی و طبیعی خود که سالانه پذیرای خیل عظیمی از گردشگران هستند، در مرکز خود دچار فرسودگی و ناکارآمدی شده‌ و در معرض آسیب‌ها و بحران‏های متعددی هستند. لذا در این پژوهش با به‏کارگیری رویکرد آینده‏پژوهی و استفاده از تحلیل ساختاری در نرم افزار میک مک پیشران‏های موثر بر تاب‏آوری با رویکرد بازآفرینی مورد شناسایی و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش عبارت است از کارشناسان و متخصصین (مدیران، متخصصین سازمانی و اعضای هیئت‌علمی و دانشجویان دانشگاه‏ها در سطح شهرستان‌های مورد مطالعه) که در زمینه مباحث بازآفرینی و تاب آوری شهری از دانش و تجربه لازم و کافی برخوردار هستند. روش نمونه گیری این پژوهش به صورت غیر احتمالی به دو روش گلوله برفی و قضاوت ذهنی است. براین اساس از یک گروه اولیه که بر اساس قضاوت ذهنی و هدفمند انتخاب شدند، خواسته می شود تا خبرگان مرتبط با موضوع را معرفی کنند. براین اساس، گروه اولیه شامل ۸ نفر انتخاب شدند. سپس در چهار دور از هر یک از خبرگان معرفی شده خواسته شده تا خبرگانی را براساس تعریف جامعه آماری معرفی کنند؛در نهایت 35 خیره به عنوان نمونه آماری شناسایی و انتخاب شدندبراساس نتایج تحلیلی ماتریس تحلیل ساختاری در نرم افزار میک مک، متغیر‌های بخش کالبدی بیشترین تأثیر را بر بازآفرینی با رویکرد تاب‌آوری در محدوده مورد‌مطالعه و عوامل نهادی کمترین درجه تأثیرگذاری را داشته‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• تاب آوری
• بازآفرینی
• آینده پژوهی
• شهرهای ساحلی مازندران

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of urban regeneration in promoting resilience in the coastal cities of western Mazandaran province

نویسندگان [English]

• zinat ranjbar ¹
• pari shokri ²
• Gholamreza Janbaz Ghobadi ³

¹ PhD student in Geography and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Noor, Iran.

² Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

³ Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Noor, Iran

چکیده [English]

The growing population of our country, Iran, in recent decades and the increasing desire to migrate from rural to urban areas has caused the rapid and unbridled growth of cities. Therefore, urban areas will become the main place of many possible disasters. At the same time, one of the issues that most cities in the world are grappling with is the issue of natural disasters. Natural disasters, which are part of the process of human life, are a major challenge to achieving sustainable development of human societies. On the other hand, the unsuccessful implementation of urban regeneration projects has caused attention to a new phenomenon called sustainability in urban projects, which is the main approaches in the field of sustainability, revitalization of urban textures and emphasis on regeneration. In this regard, the western coastal cities of Mazandaran province, due to their geographical and natural location, which annually receive a large number of tourists, have suffered from wear and inefficiency in their center and are exposed to numerous damages and crises. Therefore, in this study, by applying the futures research approach and using structural analysis in Mick Mac software, the drivers of resilience have been identified and analyzed with the male regeneration approach. The sampling method of this research is unlikely to be snowball and subjective judgment. Accordingly, an initial group selected on the basis of subjective and purposeful judgment is asked to identify relevant experts. Accordingly, the initial group consisting of 8 people were selected. Then, in four rounds, each of the introduced experts was asked to introduce experts based on the definition of the statistical community; finally, 35 experts were identified and selected as a statistical sample.. Based on the analytical results of the structural analysis matrix in MicMac software, the physical part variables had the greatest impact on the regeneration with the resilience approach in the study area and the institutional factors had the least impact.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Resilience
• regeneration
• futures studies
• coastal cities of Mazandaran

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