ارزیابی توسعه پایدارزیست محیطی در روستاهای شالیکار نمونه موردی : سکونتگاههای روستایی شهرستان نکاء

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

 محیط زیست از مباحث اصلی توسعۀ پایدار است که نقش مؤثری در گسترش فعالیت‌های اقتصادی در سکونتگاه‌های روستایی دارد. سکونتگاه‌های روستایی در حال حاضر به دلیل فعالیت‌های کشاورزی تنگناهای زیست محیطی قابل توجهی را تجربه می‌کنند. با توجه به اینکه محصول اصلی شمال کشور برنج است، حفاظت زیست‌محیطی و توجه به منابع آب و خاک در پایداری اقتصاد و جمعیت روستاهای شالیکار نقش بسزایی دارد. این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیرات کشت برنج بر توسعۀ پایدار زیست‌محیطی پرداخته است. جامعۀ آماری مورد مطالعه، شالیکاران روستاهای شهرستان نکاء استان مازندران هستند که براساس فرمول کوکران تعداد 262 خانوار نمونه انتخاب شدند. براساس یافته‌های میدانی، محصول برنج با توسعۀ پایدار زیست‌محیطی همبستگی مثبت دارد که برابر با 981/0 است. همچنین براساس نتایج ارزیابی مدل پایداری پرسکات- آلن، وضعیت زیست‌محیطی کشاورزی در روستاهای مورد مطالعه با امتیاز 351/0 در سطح پایداری ضعیف قرار دارد؛ به‌صورتی‌که براساس یافته‌های میدانی، گویه‌های حفظ تنوع ژنتیکی و استفادۀ صحیح از مواد شیمیایی و سمی در سطح پایداری ضعیف و گویه‌های حفاظت و بهره‌برداری از آب شیرین، بهره‌برداری پایدار از منابع خاک، نحوۀ عمل دربارۀ مسائل زباله‌ها و فاضلاب‌ها در سطح پایداری متوسط قرار دارند. در این راستا گسترش فعالیت‌های ترویجی در زمینۀ حفظ منابع آب و خاک و تشویق روستاییان بر به‌کارگیری کشاورزی ارگانیک، عدم به‌کارگیری کود و سم و اتخاذ راهکارهای جلوگیری از فرسایش خاک در پایداری زیست‌محیطی سکونتگاه‌های روستایی می‌تواند تأثیرگذار باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The evaluation of environmental sustainable development in rice rural settlements .The case study : rural settlements of Neka county.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reihaneh Soltani 1
  • Elaheh anzaeei 2
1 Payam noor university
2 Payam Noor
چکیده [English]

The environment is one of the most important issues in the world. Since the majority of villagers are farmers that cultivate rice, so paying more attention to the agricultural sector and attracting young people to this important economic sector, providing the survival of rural population will ultimately lead to sustainable rural development.The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of rice cultivation on the sustainable development of agricultural ecosystem in villages of the case study region. The statistical population of this study was rice cultivators in the villages of Neka county in Mazandaran province. The family size was selected based on Cochran formula that 262 samples were selected. The research method is descriptive and analytical one with practical nature.The results of the data based on the field method indicated the correlation between the environmental development of the studied villages and the amount of rice crop cultivation equal to 0.981 which is positive, Which shows that there is a positive correlation between rice and environmental development of the studied villages. Also, the highest correlation coefficient between sustainable environmental development and the role of rice is presented in the atrab of the estakhrposht. Also using Tapsis method, the villages of khorshid and Shit were affected more, and the villages of Kalabestan and Chalou Pul were affected the least. Based on the results, the environmental status of agriculture in the studied villages with a score of 0.351 is at a low level of sustainability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rice
  • Sustainable Development
  • Agriculture
  • environmental sustainable development
  • Neka

مراجع

  1. Aghagolzadeh, Hamid. (2010): The role of combines in increasing rice waste, Plant Protection Organization, Sari. (In Persian).
  2. Agricultural Jihad of Mazandaran Province. (2013): Statistics and Agricultural Information of the Province, Sari. (In Persian).
  3. Anabestani, Ali Akbar, Salehi, Zahiv. (2010): Sustainability Measurement of Residences in Conifers. Case Study: Jouin Plain, Geography Quarterly and Environmental Studies, No. 3, pp: 85-94. (In Persian).
  4. Buttel, Fredrick )2005): New Directions in the Sociology of Global Development.Emerald, pp: 59-60.
  5. Daryaei, Nader, Rezaei Mogham, Kaveh, Salmanzadeh, Saeid. (2013): Factors affecting the attitude of ruminants towards sustainable rice cultivation in Mazandaran province, Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, No. 25, pp: 52-71. (In Persian).
  6. Eftekhari, Abdolreza- Roknoddin, Badri, Seyed Ali. (2013): Development Model System in Rural Areas. Gilan Provincial Government, Tehran. (In Persian).
  7. Filder,Rabinson. (2015):Sustainable agriculture grant program. Illinois department of agriculture, Bureau of land and water resources, State fairgrounds, pp: 3-4.
  8. Gamini, Davood, Amini, Alli, Ghadermarzi, Hamed, Tavakolli, Gamshid. (2017): Measurement of Food Security and its Challenges in Rural Areas (Case Study: Badar Village, Ravansar County), Quarterly Journal of Urban Planning, No. 27, pp: 87-102. (In Persian).
  9. Garnett, Tara,Charles, Haine, Godfray, John. (2012): Sustainable intensification in agriculture.UKgovernments foresight programme,No.31, pp:6-7.
  10. George, Camilla. (2001): Sustainability Appraisal for Sustainable Development: Integrating Everything from Jobs to Climate Change. Impact Assessment & Project Appraisal, No.19, pp: 196-197.
  11. Geravandi, Shahin, Papzan,Ali, Afsharzadeh, Nahid. (2011): Modeling Sustainable Environmental Development Using Basic Need Theory (Case Study: Sharvoun village of Javanroud city), Rural Housing and Environment, No. 136, pp: 67- 78. (In Persian).
  12. Gliessman, Sonja, Rosemeyer, Marian. (2010): The conversion to sustainable agriculture. CRC press, London, pp. 10-11. (In Persian).
  13. Golshiri Esfahani, Zahed, Saraei, Mohammad. (2010): Strategic Planning of the Rural Environmental System by SWOT Analysis (Case Study: Gondman Section, Borujen City), Rural Studies, No. 4, pp: 73-97. (In Persian).
  14. Hossein negad, Gavad, Namvar, Ayda, Hayati, Babollah, Pish Bahar, Esmaeili. (2014): Determination of cropping pattern with emphasis on sustainable agriculture in the lands below the dam of Alavian, Journal of Agricultural Science and Production of Pajd, No. 14, pp: 32-33. (In Persian).
  15. Iran Statistics Center. (2011): Statistical Journal of Mazandaran Province, Tehran. (In Persian).
  16. Iran Survey Organisation. (2010):Numeral layouts of 50000, Tehran. (In Persian).
  17. Jahad Keshavarzi organization. (2011):Statistics & Information,Tehran. (In Persian).
  18. Jalalian, Hamid, Dadgar, Hamed. (2013): Location of sanitary landfill for rural waste, Case:Dareh si village, Maku city, Rural Economy and Space Development, No. 4, pp: 114-97. (In Persian).
  19. Jun, Liam, Jundong, Hamellt, yang, Liam. (2011): Analysis of Rural Ecological Environment Governance in the Two-oriented Society Construction: A Case Study of Xiantao City in Hubei Province.Procedia of Environmental Sciences, No. 11, pp: 1278–1284.
  20. Kay, Camilla. (2009): Development Strategies & Rural Development:exploring synergies, eradicating poverty. The Journal of Peasant Studies, No. 36, pp: 103-105.
  21. Khalili,Hadi., Azizi, Mehdi., Charati, Alli., Bahadori, Maryam. (2019): The Effect of Nitroxin Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Growth and Performance of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Organization for the Advancement, Training and Research of Agriculture, Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Tehran. (In Persian).
  22. Lutz, Andreas. (1998): Agriculture and the Environment. The world Bank, Washington, pp: 10-13.
  23. Masika, Brian., Joekes, Phil. (1997): Environmental Sustainable Development and Poverty:A Gender Analysis, BRIDGE, Institute of Development Studies, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), Report, No. 52, pp: 1-16.
  24. Mohammadi Ashenani, Mehdi., Mohammadi Ashnaei, Ali., Hassani, Ahmad. (2008): Integration of Environmental Ethics with the Strategic Environmental Assessment Approach to Achieve Sustainable Development, Ethics in Science and Technology, No. 12, p: 1-9.
  25. Nan, Denise., Banghon, Irene., Haifen, Tim. (2011): A Research on Impacting Factor of Rural Environment and Environmental Protection Awareness of Farmers. Energy Procedia, No. 5, pp: 2623–2628.
  26. Poppe, Kath.,Termeer, Camilla., Slingerland, Mario. (2009):Transitions:Towards Sustainable Agriculture. Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp: 17-19.
  27. Pourtaheri, Mehdi., Nemati, Rahim. (2012): Prioritization of Rural Development Iissues with an Emphasis on Rural Viewpoint, Case study: Central Part of Khorramabad city, Rural Economy and Spatial Development, No. 3, pp: 113-128. (In Persian).
  28. Prescott-Allen,Rober. (1997).Barometer of Sustainability. IUCN, UK.
  29. Pretty, John. (2005):The Pesticide Detox: Towards a More Sustainable Agriculture. Earthscan, UK, pp: 195-220.
  30. Shahabadi, Ahmad., Telyabi, Mehri. (2017): Impact of Research and Developmental Integration and Human Capital of Agricultural Sector on Poverty in Rural Areas, Journal of Regional Planning, No. 25, pp: 1-14. (In Persian).
  31. Shieh, John., Chen, Phil., Chang, Pete., Lai, Ian. (2014): Review of Economics and Finance, No. 34, pp: 151-160.
  32. Tores, David., Anna, Sonja., Jarkko, Marian. (2014): Using Indicators to a Sustainable Tourism Geographies. Routledge, UK, pp: 34-35.
  33. UN. (2008): Trends in Sustainable Development. Development of Economic and Social Affairs, New York, USA, pp:1-3.
  34. UN. (2009): Sustainable Agriculture & Food Security.Escap, New York, USA, pp: 10-11.
  35. Vaz, Tim., Nijkamp, Phil., Rastoin, Jeff. (2009): Traditional Food Production & Rural Sustainable Development. Ashgate, UK, pp: 13-15.
  36. Yasoori, Mehdi. (2007): Introduction to Rural Economy with Emphasis on Agricultural Sector, Astan Quds Razavi Publishing House, Mashhad. (In Persian).
  37. Zamani, Ahmad., Ghader Marzi, Hamid., Mortazavi, Asadollah. (2014): Determination of Crop Pattern with Emphasis on Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Agriculture Consumption. Case study of Saqez City, Kurdistan Province, Daneshgar Agricultural Production, No. 33, pp:85-92. (In Persian).

 

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 آبان 1397

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار