نقش مدیریت پسماند بر بهبود شرایط توسعه در سکونتگاه‌های روستایی (مورد: بخش ساربوک، شهرستان قصرقند)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

        افزایش بی رویه جمعیت در روستاها  از یکسو و به مثابه آن تولید حجم انبوهی از زباله‌های پراکنده روستایی از سوی دیگر منجر به بحران جدی و جدیدی در سکونتگاه‌های روستایی شده است. این مساله ضرورت حفظ محیط‌زیست و به نوبه خود، بهبود شرایط توسعه سکونتگاه‌های روستایی از طریق سیستم مدیریت پسماند ایجاد کرده است. لذا هدف پژوهش، پیاده­سازی رهیافتی جدید و کاملاً متفاوت از بقیه پژوهش­ها به دنبال بررسی نقش مدیریت پسماند و عوامل مؤثر آن به‌ منظور توسعه سکونتگاه‌های روستایی در ابعاد زیست‌محیطی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی در جنوب شرق کشور (واقع در استان سیستان و بلوچستان بخش ساربوک) پرداخته است. پژوهش حاضر برای رسیدن به هدف ذکرشده از روش‌شناسی بر مبنای ماهیت روش، توصیفی – تحلیلی (همبستگی) و ازلحاظ هدف کاربردی از طریق شیوه مطالعه کتابخانه­ای- اسنادی و پیمایشی برای پاسخ‌گویی به سؤالات پژوهش در منطقه روستایی بخش ساربوک پرداخته شد. با در نظر گرفتن ضریب خطای معیار(65/0)، تعداد 226 سرپرست خانوار روستایی در 15 روستای داراری دهیاری به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. روش نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت تصادفی(خانوارهای روستایی) است. برآورد حجم نمونه نیز از طریق فرمول کوکران انجام شد. داده­ها و اطلاعات پژوهش از طریق پرسشنامه‌ای گردآوری شد و از روش‌های آماری (میانگین، مدل تحلیل عاملی و آزمون همبستگی پیرسون) در نرم‌افزار SPSS استفاده گردید. به‌طوری‌که نتایج حاصله از تحلیل شاخص‌های یازده­گانه مدیریت پسماند نشان داد که شاخص‌های مربوط رضایت‌مندی از سکونت در روستا و حفظ تنوع زیستی در روستا به ترتیب با مقادیر 10.73، 9.12 و 8.60 درصد بیشترین تأثیرگذاری و کمترین میزان تأثیرگذاری شاخص‌های مربوط به رشد محصولات زراعی، تولید بیوکمپوست خانگی و تولید انرژی با مقادیر میانگین 5.62، 5.78 و 0.098- درصد، سه رتبه آخر را به خود اختصاص دادند. همچنین نتایج به‌دست‌آمده مرتبط با مقدار آماره 0.999 شاخص‌های یازده­گانه مدیریت پسماند نشان داد که رابطه مستقیم و معنی‌داری بین مدیریت پسماند و توسعه سکونتگاه‌های روستایی بخش ساربوک وجود دارد. با توجه به یافته­های پژوهش و جهت جلوگیری از آلودگی در سکونتگاه‌های روستایی و همچنین تسریع در روند توسعه­ای با رهیافت نوین و جدید، برقراری و ایجاد یک سیستم مدیریتی منسجم، هدفمند و برنامه‌ریزی ‌شده جهت ساماندهی پسماندهای تولیدی محدوده موردمطالعه امری لازم و ضروری است. در ضمن توانمندسازی مردم از طریق آگاه‌سازی و اطلاع‌رسانی، آموزش، استفاده توانمندی‌های محلی  در رمینهمدیریت پسماند و... می‌تواند راهگشا، کاربردی و عملیاتی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Waste Management on Improving the Development Condition of Rural Settlements(Case Study: Sarbok village, Qasreqand City)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Aliakbar Anabestani 1
  • Islam Raisi 2
چکیده [English]

The increasing  population on one hand, and producing large amounts of scattered waste on the other hand,caused rural a serious and new crisis in rural settlements. This is necessary to preservethe environment of rural settlements through effective waste management system. The aim of the research is implement a new approach which is different from the rest of the researches, to investigate the role of waste management and the factors that influence the development of rural settlements in all aspects of environmental, social and economical in South-East of the country (located in the Sistan and Baluchestan province, Sarbok village). To achieve the above objectives, this descriptive – analytical study collect its data from survey documents and library methods based on its nature and goal. Considering the coefficient of the standard error (0.065), 226 parents of the rural families in 15 villages ,with village administrators were chosen as samples.  The samples were Random (the rural of households). The sample size was estimated by Cochran formula. Data were collected through a questionnaire the research and statistical methods (mean, factor analysis and Pearson correlation test) in SPSS was used. So, the results of the analysis of eleven indicators of habitat and biodiversity in villages in rural areas showed that the index of satisfaction waste management, with values of 10.73, 12.09 and 8.60 percent, The highest impact and lowest impact indicators related to the growth of crops, the production of domestic and production of electricity with mean values of 5.62, 5.78 and -0.098 percent, respectively. The results related to 0.999 eleven indicators showed a significant relationship between waste management and rural settlement development in Sarbvk village. According to the findings of the research, prevention of pollution in rural settlements as well as accelerating the development of new perspectives and restoring and creating of an integrated, and safe programmed management system to manage the production of waste material in case study region is necessary. In addition, to inform and empower people through information, education, use of local skills and can help management of waste.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rural Waste
  • Waste Management
  • Development of rural settlements
  • Sarbok village
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