بررسی قوانین موجود و عملکرد سازمان های متولّی در مدیریت بهینه پسماندهای شهری (مورد مطالعه: کلانشهر تهران)

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار آب و هواشناسی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

4 ستاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

  در این پژوهش، قوانین و مقررات پسماندهای شهری مصوّب ایران مورد بررسی قرار گرفته تا مشخص شود که قوانین موجود تا چه میزان به مدیریت مناسب پسماندهای شهری کمک می­کند و نیز این که سازمان­های مختلف مرتبط با موضوع تا چه میزانی می­توانند در مدیریت بهینه پسماند مؤثر باشند و اینکه تا چه حدی توانسته­اند به مدیریت بهینه پسماند در کشور کمک کنند. این پژوهش بر اساس روش تحقیق، توصیفی- تحلیلی است. برای انجام تحلیل هم از منابع و اطلاعات کتابخانه­ای و هم از اطلاعات پیمایشی استفاده شد. داده­های پیمایشی 30 پرسشنامه در بر می­گرفت که در بین متخصصان و کارشناسان پسماند سازمان­های مدیریت پسماند شهرداری تهران، حفاظت از محیط زیست و مرکز مطالعات و برنامه ریزی شهری تهران به روش گلوله برفی توزیع شد. این پرسشنامه­ها بر اساس متد لیکرت تهیه شده و ضریب به دست آمده آلفای کرونباخ (735/0) حاکی از پایایی مناسب پرسشنامه است. برای تحلیل از نرم­افزارهای تحلیل آماری استفاده شده است. برای تحلیل در محیط نرم افزار ابتدا با بهره­گیری از آزمون دبلیو کندال عملکرد سازمان های مرتبط با موضوع مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بهترین عملکرد را سازمان­های محلی (با کسب میانگین رتبه­ای 27/5) و ضعیف­ترین عملکرد را سازمان صدا و سیما (با میانگین رتبه­ای 85/2) داشته است. سازمان حفاظت از محیط زیست نیز به عنوان یکی از متولیان اصلی مدیریت پسماندهای شهری (با میانگین رتبه­ای 65/3)، عملکرد ضعیفی را در میان سازمان­های مرتبط با موضوع داشته است. در نهایت نیز با استفاده از آزمون T تک نمونه­ای، قوانین مناسب برای مدیریت پسماند مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. بر این اساس ماده 7 قانون مدیریت پسماند به عنوان مناسب­ترین قانون در زمینه مدیریت بهینه پسماند تعیین شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigate of Extant Laws and the Performance Agencies Charge of the Optimal Management of Urban Wastes (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rasool Afzali 1
  • Razgar Hamzepour 2
  • Sadegh Karimi 3
  • Ahmad pourahmad 4
چکیده [English]

In this research, urban waste rules and regulations adopted by Iran have been studied in order to determine to what extent these regulations help the proper management of the urban waste. Also, considering to what extent different organizations related to this subject can be useful in the optimal management of waste in the country. This analytical-descriptive research was used library resource information an survey data in order to perform the analysis. The survey tool was a questionnaire that was distributed based on snowball method among International experts in waste management organizations Tehran municipality, environmental protection and studies and urban planning center of Tehran. The reliability of Likert-questionnaire was 0.735 based on Cronbach’s alpha. The results showed the best performance is related to local organizations (the average rating=5.27) and the weakest performance is related to IRIB (the average ratings= 2.85). Environmental Protection Agency, as one of the main custodians of municipal solid waste management (with an average ranking 3.65), has weak results among relevant organizations. Finally, one sample T-test proper was evaluated for waste management. So, article 7 of the Law on Waste Management is identified as the most the most suitable criteria for optimal management of waste.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Waste
  • Urban waste management
  • Waste's rules and regulations
  • Organizational functions
  • Tehran metropolis

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 بهمن 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 بهمن 1395

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