توسعه‌ی گردشگری شبانه‌ی شهری در ایران تحلیل مقایسه‌ای شهرهای اصفهان، تبریز، شیراز، مشهد و یزد

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت جهانگردی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

چکیده

      رونق گردشگری و اراده­ی کشورها برای بهره­گیری هر چه بیشتر از منافع مختلف به ویژه منافع اقتصادی ناشی از آن، تلاش جوامع را برای به­کارگیری بهینه­ی عناصر زمانی و مکانی در جهت جذب گردشگران بیشتر و ایجاد فرصت­های جدید در این زمینه برانگیخته است. با توجه به اهمیت گردشگری شبانه در ابعاد اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی و وجود زمینه­ها و امکانات بالقوه­ی این نوع گردشگری در کشور از قبیل وجود زیارتگاه­ها، آثار ارزشمند تاریخی و فرهنگی، مناسبت­های آیینی و مطلوبیت محیطی، پژوهش حاضر به ارزیابی مقایسه­ای پنج شهر کشور شامل اصفهان، تبریز، شیراز، مشهد و یزد از نظر چهار معیار کلی شامل «جاذبه­ها و خدمات»، «وضع موجود شهر شب»، «مطلوبیت محیطی» و «وضعیت حمل و نقل شبانه» جهت برنامه­ریزی و توسعه­ی گردشگری شبانه پرداخته است. داده­های مورد نیاز تحقیق از طریق مطالعات کتابخانه­ای و تکمیل پرسشنامه گردآوری شده و تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله­مراتبی (AHP) و روش RALSPI صورت پذیرفته است. جامعه­ی آماری تحقیق، کارشناسان، استادان دانشگاه­ها و مدیران سازمان­های گردشگری با حداقل 15 سال سابقه­ی مدیریتی، اجرایی و تحقیقات کاربردی در حوزه­ی گردشگری، و حجم نمونه برابر 35 نفر می­باشد. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق، اصفهان با کسب امتیاز 7420/0 حائز رتبه­ی نخستِ اولویت­بندی توسعه­ی گردشگری شبانه گردید. شهر تبریز با امتیاز 2072/0 و با فاصله­ی قابل توجه از اصفهان رتبه­ی دوم را کسب کرد و در مراتب بعدی شهرهای مشهد، شیراز و یزد به ترتیب با کسب امتیاز 1865/0، 1494/0 و 0496/0 در جایگاه­های سوم تا پنجم رتبه­بندی قرار گرفتند. بنابراین می­توان چنین نتیجه گرفت که در صورت اراده بر پایه­گذاری و توسعه­ی گردشگری شبانه در سطح ملی، بر اساس تلفیق نظرات کارشناسان حوزه­ی گردشگری، شهر اصفهان با امتیاز قابل ملاحظه­ای به عنوان گزینه­ی ترجیحی در میان پنج شهر مورد مطالعه می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Development of Urban Night Tourism in Iran; Comparative Analysis of Cities of Isfahan, Tabriz, Shiraz, Mashhad and Yazd

نویسندگان [English]

  • Raana sheikhbeglo 1
  • Nazanin Tabrizi 2
چکیده [English]

Tourism industrial, its benefits for a country -especially economic ones- has led communities to raise their great efforts to attract more tourists and create new opportunities in this area by optimal use of time and place for tourism development. So, various potentials of places were considered with respect to time factor. One salient topic in this area is ‘night tourism’. Night tourism has opened new chapter in the way of exploring potentials of regions for tourism development. Regarding the importance of night tourism in economic, social and cultural dimensions, appropriateness of basics, and great potential facilities in Iran -e.g. shrines, great historical and cultural works, ceremonies, and environmental desirability- this research attempted to give a comparative evaluation of five Iranian metropolises including Isfahan, Tabriz, Shiraz, Mashhad and Yazd for determining the priorities of planning and developing night tourism. Needed data have been collected through library studies and questionnaire. Evaluating situation and potentials of mentioned cities was done by experts in the field of tourism who were completely familiar with various aspects of tourism in different regions of Iran. In this respect, two questionnaires, consisting 17 questions about indicators of potentials of night tourism planning, were designed; the first questionnaire was intended to weight indicators through pairwise comparisons, and the second one to compare cities in respect of each indicator.The mentioned indicators were organized in four groups including ‘attractions and services’, ‘status quo of night city’, ‘environmental desirability’ and ‘night transportation system’. Analysis of data was done by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and RALSPI method. Based on calculated final scores of cities, Isfahan was identified as the first priority for developing night tourism with score of 0.7420. Tabriz was placed at the second position with the score of 0.2072, and Mashhad, Shiraz and Yazd located in subsequent status whose scores are 0.1865, 0.1494 and 0.0496, respectively. So, we can conclude that if there is a will to found and develop night tourism at national level, based on synthesizing tourism experts’ viewpoints, Isfahan is introduced as prior alternative among five studied cities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Night city
  • Urban night tourism
  • Night Life
  • Iran
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