ارزیابی عملکرد کلانشهرها در فرآیند جهانی شدنِ اقتصاد (مطالعه تطبیقی تهران و استانبول)

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

     فرآیند جهانی شدن اقتصاد، ادغام اقتصاد ملی در اقتصاد جهانی است. جهت ادغام در این فرآیندِ جهانی نیاز به زیرساخت­ها، ظرفیت­ها و توانمندی­های متناسب می­باشد. در این رابطه کلانشهرهای کشورهای درحال توسعه با داشتن این شرایط به نوعی دروازه ورود کشورها به فرآیندجهانی شدن به شمار می­روند. لذا بیان جایگاه کلانشهرها و بررسی عملکرد آنها در اقتصاد جهانی حائز اهمیت می­باشد. بدین منظور پژوهش حاضر به مقایسة دو کلانشهر تهران و استانبول بر اساس شاخص­های جهانی شدن اقتصاد از نظر مؤسسه­ها و سازمان­های مختلف می­پردازد و در این راستا سعی درارزیابی عملکرد دو کلانشهر در اقتصاد جهانی دارد. روش تحقیق توصیفی – تحلیلی است. جهت مقایسه شاخص­ها ابتدا به تحلیل زمینه­ها و نقاط ضعف و قوت این دوکلانشهر و سیاست­های تأثیرگذار در این زمینه در ارتباط با متغیرهای پژوهش پرداخته و سپس آزمون T دو نمونه­ای مستقل جهت بررسی عملکرد این دو کلانشهر به کار گرفته شده است. نتیجه نشان می­دهد که بیشترین میزان اختلاف به ترتیب مربوط به شاخص­ تعداد شرکت­های خارجی (با مقدار T ، 633/27- )، واردات (با مقدار T، 301/10- )، صادرات (با مقدار T، 435/7-)، عملکرد شبکه ارتباطی هوایی (با مقدار T ،039/7-)،  میزان سرمایه­گذاری مستقیم خارجی (با مقدار T، 276/4-) و کمترین اختلاف مربوط به ضریب نفوذ اینترنت (با مقدار T، 2.5 – ) است. با توجه به بررسی شاخص­ها از لحاظ توصیفی، تحلیلی و استنباطی نتایج این پژوهش گویای آن است که در تمامی شاخص­های جهانی شدن اقتصاد، عملکرد استانبول از تهران قوی­تر بوده و بطور کلی در این زمینه استانبول از تهران موفق تر عمل کرده است

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the Function of Metropolises in Economic Globalization (Comparative Study of Tehran and Istanbul)

نویسندگان [English]

  • jamileye tavakoliniya 1
  • batool majidi khameneh 1
  • saeed zargami 2
چکیده [English]

Economic globalization refers to the integration of national economy into global economy. Infrastructure, potentiality and proportionate competencies are needed for integration into the economic globalization. In this regard, the metropolises of developing countries have these requirements and pave the ground for entering into economic globalization. Therefore, highlighting the status of metropolises and examining their function in economic globalization are taken to be of high significance. Accordingly, the aim of the present research is to compare two metropolises, i.e. Tehran and Istanbul, based on the indices of economic globalization in terms of diverse institutions and organizations. In addition, it assesses the function of these two metropolises in global economy. The methodology of this study is descriptive-analytical. Firstly, context, weak and strong points of these two metropolises and influential policies in the context in relation to the variables of this research were analyzed in order to compare the indices. Then, the independent two-sample t-test was applied to evaluate the function of these two metropolises. The results of this test indicated that the highest rates of difference related to the number of foreign companies index (T=-27/633), imports (T=-10/301), exports (T=-7/435), avionics network function (T=-7/039) and foreign direct investment (T=-4/276), respectively. On the contrary, the lowest rate of different pertained to internet infiltration coefficient (T=-2/5). By considering the indices in descriptive, analytical and inferential terms, the results of this research demonstrate that Istanbul’s function has been stronger than Tehran’s in all the indices

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Economic Globalization
  • the Function of Metropolises
  • Global Indices
  • Tehran
  • Istanbul

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 آذر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 آذر 1395

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