نقش محدودیت‌های محیطی بر توسعه کالبدی- فضایی شهرها و اثرات آن بر روستاهای پیرامون (مورد: شهر جوانرود)

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

       محدودیت‌های فیزیکی و انسانیِ توسعه کالبدی- فضایی شهرها، شتاب در حرکت به سمتِ حوزه‌های روستایی پیرامون را به دنبال دارد که این مسئله در مناطق کوهستانی غرب و شمال­غربی ایران به ‌طور ویژه­ای قابل مشاهده است. در این محدوده­ی جغرافیایی، شهر جـوانـرود در استان کرمانشاه از جمله شهرهایی است که فشار بسیاری بر نواحی اطراف خود به ویژه روستاهای بلافصل وارد آورده است. بر این اساس، هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی محدودیت‌های محیطی این شهر و اثرات آن در روستاهای پیرامونی می‌باشد. این تحقیق از نوع کاربردی است که با روش توصیفـی- ‌تحلیلی انجام گردیده است. در تعیین روستاهای مورد مطالعه، فاصله 5 کیلومتری پیرامون شهر جوانرود مورد توجه بوده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق، خانوارهای ساکن در 6 روستای مورد مطالعه را شامل می‌گردد که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، 261 نفر از سرپرستان خانوارها به عنوان حجم نمونه محاسبه شده است. پس از جمع‌آوری اطـلاعات، با ارائه­ی تصـویری کلی از محدودیت‌های محیطی شهر جوانرود و دگرگونی­های کاربری اراضی روستاهای پیرامون شهر، تجـزیه و تحلیل وضع موجود و نیز مقایسۀ این تغییرات و سطح­بندی رشد و توسعه روستاها بر اساس مدل تلفیقی Vikor-Topsis انجام گردید. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می­دهد که از بین روستاهای مورد مطالعه، روستای شیخ­الکرم بر اساس مقادیر محاسبه شده (R=0.009، S=0.025 و Q=0)، به دلیل نامناسب بودن راه ارتباطـی و موقعیت نامناسب آن،­ تقریباً بدون تأثیر باقی‌مانده است. در حالی­که روستای صفی‌آباد (با R=0.917، S=1.837 و Q=1)، دارای بیشترین تأثیرپذیری بوده، سایر روستاهای پیرامونی نیز از نظر شدت تأثیرپذیری در حد بینابین می­باشند. در این راستا، بخشی از جمعیت و نیروی کار شهر جوانرود به دلایلی چون فاصله کم روستا با شهر، پایین بودن قیمت زمین و مسکن نسبت به شهر، سهولت دسترسی و امکان استفاده از خدمات مختلف شهری، در روستاها سکنی گزیده‌اند و این امر موجب تغییر و دگرگونی آنها شده است. به‌طوری که روستاهای با تأثیرپذیری بالا، عملکرد سنتی خود را از دست داده و عملاً به عنوان پاره­های شهری و غالباً به مثابة خوابگاه­هایی برای شهر جوانرود ایفای نقش می­کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The role of the environmental constraints on physical-spatial development of city and their effects on the surrounding villages (Case study: Javanroud city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sadegh Asghari Lafmejani 1
  • Yaser Nazari 2
  • Zahra Sargazi 3
چکیده [English]

Human and physical constraintsof physical-spatial development of cities precede the rapid movement toward surrounding villages of urban areas that this issue is specifically tangible in mountainous urban and rural areas of the west and western-north parts of Iran. In this geographical region, Javanroud city in Kermanshah province is one of those which imposed great pressure on its surrounding villages to it. So, the purpose of present study is considering the type and amount of environmental constrainteffects of Javanroud city on its surrounding villages. This research is an applied research and research methodology is descriptive-analytic. In this study, environmental constrainteffects of city have been investigated on the villages that are located at the distance of 5 km from the study city. Statistical population is households in 6 villages surrounding the city and the number of 261 family heads as the sample size has been determined by Cochran formula. In order to gather information, laboratory-documentary and field studies (observation, questionnaire, and interview) are applied. After gathering necessary information, by presenting an overall and comprehensive picture about the changes and variations of rural lands’ applications, the analysis of present condition, comparison of these changes, growth ratings and rural development were done based on Topsis-Victor integrated model. Research results show that Sheikh-alkaram village according to the calculated values (R = 0.009, S = 0.025 and Q = 0) has almost no effect because of the unsuitable road and inappropriate position. While Safiabad village (with R = 0.917, S = 1.837 and Q = 1) has the greatest influence and other surrounding villages in the study area are placed in the intermediate level. In this regard, population and workforce of Javanroud city due to the reasons such as: short distance to city , low price of lands and housing to the city, ease of access and use of urban services are inhabited in surrounding villages that leads to metamorphism. In this way, villages, as urban part, are playing the role as dormitories for Javanrood city by losting their traditional nature

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : Environmental constraint of city
  • Surrounding villages
  • Topsis-Victor integrated model
  • Javanroud

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 مرداد 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 مرداد 1395

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